Thursday, July 23, 2015

Hanuman Chalisa- Evil annihilator

Jai HanumanThe Evil Spirits Annihilator – Sri Hanuman Chalisa

Hanuman Chalisa can be recited by any individual, irrespective of religion, for termination of evil spirits and negative energies.
Before reciting – take bath daily in the morning, stay calm and clean, without eating or touching anything, think about Lord Hanuman and chant Hanuman Chalisa. Practicing celibacy for 40 days while daily reciting the Hanuman Chalisa would create wonders for the reciter. And would help to internalize it by heart.
Hanuman Chalisa was composed by Tulsidas Ji the great Sage whom Hanuman Ji gave darshan personally and told him about several incidences of Ramayan.
The composition of Hanuman Chalisa is made in such a manner that in each doha (couplet) you find mention of at least one God, which makes it so powerful that the reciter is protected by Lord Hanuman – Rudra Avatar of Lord Shiva himself. There are millions of Indians living in India or abroad who have experienced the power of chanting Hanuman Chalisa to ward off evil spirits, remove negativity and generate positivity.

It is very famous among Indians who recite it regularly even to achieve success on common materialistic problems – exams, interviews, business and contracts. For each individual, associated with any sort of career, if intentions are good and motives are pure then no one can stop from getting success with recitement of Sri Hanuman Chalisa.
Though proper translation of Hanuman Chalisa is not possible since the meaning of the words changes due to contamination of impure english language. But still an attempt was made by Venkatesh Ji to translate it, so that more people could comprehend the essence of Hanuman Chalisa and how it is able to generate so much power when one recites it. You find it below original Hanuman Chalisa.
The Original Hanuman Chalisa
॥दोहा॥
श्रीगुरु चरन सरोज रज निज मनु मुकुरु सुधारि ।
बरनउँ रघुबर बिमल जसु जो दायकु फल चारि ॥
बुद्धिहीन तनु जानिके सुमिरौं पवन-कुमार ।
बल बुधि बिद्या देहु मोहिं हरहु कलेस बिकार ॥
॥चौपाई॥
जय हनुमान ज्ञान गुन सागर ।
जय कपीस तिहुँ लोक उजागर ॥१॥
राम दूत अतुलित बल धामा ।
अञ्जनि-पुत्र पवनसुत नामा ॥२॥
महाबीर बिक्रम बजरङ्गी ।
कुमति निवार सुमति के सङ्गी ॥३॥
कञ्चन बरन बिराज सुबेसा ।
कानन कुण्डल कुञ्चित केसा ॥४॥
हाथ बज्र औ ध्वजा बिराजै ।
काँधे मूँज जनेउ साजै ॥५॥
सङ्कर सुवन केसरीनन्दन ।
तेज प्रताप महा जग बन्दन ॥६॥
बिद्यावान गुनी अति चातुर ।
राम काज करिबे को आतुर ॥७॥
प्रभु चरित्र सुनिबे को रसिया ।
राम लखन सीता मन बसिया ॥८॥
सूक्ष्म रूप धरि सियहिं दिखावा ।
बिकट रूप धरि लङ्क जरावा ॥९॥
भीम रूप धरि असुर सँहारे ।
रामचन्द्र के काज सँवारे ॥१०॥
लाय सञ्जीवन लखन जियाये ।
श्रीरघुबीर हरषि उर लाये ॥११॥
रघुपति कीह्नी बहुत बड़ाई ।
तुम मम प्रिय भरतहि सम भाई ॥१२॥
सहस बदन तुह्मारो जस गावैं ।
अस कहि श्रीपति कण्ठ लगावैं ॥१३॥
सनकादिक ब्रह्मादि मुनीसा ।
नारद सारद सहित अहीसा ॥१४॥
जम कुबेर दिगपाल जहाँ ते ।
कबि कोबिद कहि सके कहाँ ते ॥१५॥
तुम उपकार सुग्रीवहिं कीह्ना ।
राम मिलाय राज पद दीह्ना ॥१६॥
तुह्मरो मन्त्र बिभीषन माना ।
लङ्केस्वर भए सब जग जाना ॥१७॥
जुग सहस्र जोजन पर भानु ।
लील्यो ताहि मधुर फल जानू ॥१८॥
प्रभु मुद्रिका मेलि मुख माहीं ।
जलधि लाँघि गये अचरज नाहीं ॥१९॥
दुर्गम काज जगत के जेते ।
सुगम अनुग्रह तुह्मरे तेते ॥२०॥
राम दुआरे तुम रखवारे ।
होत न आज्ञा बिनु पैसारे ॥२१॥
सब सुख लहै तुह्मारी सरना ।
तुम रच्छक काहू को डर ना ॥२२॥
आपन तेज सह्मारो आपै ।
तीनों लोक हाँक तें काँपै ॥२३॥
भूत पिसाच निकट नहिं आवै ।
महाबीर जब नाम सुनावै ॥२४॥
नासै रोग हरै सब पीरा ।
जपत निरन्तर हनुमत बीरा ॥२५॥
सङ्कट तें हनुमान छुड़ावै ।
मन क्रम बचन ध्यान जो लावै ॥२६॥
सब पर राम तपस्वी राजा ।
तिन के काज सकल तुम साजा ॥२७॥
और मनोरथ जो कोई लावै ।
सोई अमित जीवन फल पावै ॥२८॥
चारों जुग परताप तुह्मारा ।
है परसिद्ध जगत उजियारा ॥२९॥
साधु सन्त के तुम रखवारे ।
असुर निकन्दन राम दुलारे ॥३०॥
अष्टसिद्धि नौ निधि के दाता ।
अस बर दीन जानकी माता ॥३१॥
राम रसायन तुह्मरे पासा ।
सदा रहो रघुपति के दासा ॥३२॥
तुह्मरे भजन राम को पावै ।
जनम जनम के दुख बिसरावै ॥३३॥
अन्त काल रघुबर पुर जाई ।
जहाँ जन्म हरिभक्त कहाई ॥३४॥
और देवता चित्त न धरई ।
हनुमत सेइ सर्ब सुख करई ॥३५॥
सङ्कट कटै मिटै सब पीरा ।
जो सुमिरै हनुमत बलबीरा ॥३६॥
जय जय जय हनुमान गोसाईं ।
कृपा करहु गुरुदेव की नाईं ॥३७॥
जो सत बार पाठ कर कोई ।
छूटहि बन्दि महा सुख होई ॥३८॥
जो यह पढ़ै हनुमान चालीसा ।
होय सिद्धि साखी गौरीसा ॥३९॥
तुलसीदास सदा हरि चेरा ।
कीजै नाथ हृदय महँ डेरा ॥४०॥
॥दोहा॥
पवनतनय सङ्कट हरन मङ्गल मूरति रूप ।
राम लखन सीता सहित हृदय बसहु सुर भूप ॥
[ Read Also सम्पूर्ण सुंदरकाण्ड अध्याय Sundarkand Complete Chapter in Hindi with Meaning ]

Shri Hanuman Chalisa – Hindicized English with Translation and Meaning.

Hanuman Ji is Alive and Rescues Whoever Takes His name, provided he or she completely believes in him and think of him as a Ram Bhakt Hanuman
Doha
Shree Guru Charan Saroj Raj, Nij Man Mukar Sudhari,
Barnau Raghuvar Bimal Jasu, Jo dayaku Phal Chari
I am cleaning the mirror that is my mind with the dust from the feet of Gurudeva and I am now beginning the praise of Lord Rama who has given me four fruits – righteous path, money earned through noble means, happiness and freedom from worldly attachments.
Budhi heen Tanu Janike, Sumirow Pavan Kumar,
Bal Buddhi Vidya Dehu Mohi, Harahu Kalesh Bikaar
My knowledge is limited Oh, son of Vayu ! I meditate upon you ! Bestow me with strength, intelligence,true realisation.Release me from all the miseries in life, O hanuman !
Chaupai
Jai Hanuman Gyan Guna Sagar
Jai Kapis Tihun Lok Ujagaar
Victory to Lord Hanuman – the ocean of wisdom and virtue; Victory to the Lord of monkeys who is well known in all the three worlds.
Ramdoot Atulit Bal Dhamaa,
Anjani Putra Pavansut naamaa.
Oh, the messenger of Lord Ram – you are the repository of immeasurable strength, you are the son of the great woman Anjanai – you are also known as the son of the wind.
Mahabeer Bikram Bajrangi,
Kumati Nivaar Sumati Ke Sangi.
You are valiant and brave, with immense physical strength.You drive away evil thoughts. You are a companion of good and noble thoughts.
Kanchan Baran Biraaj Subesaa,
Kanan kundal kunchit kesa.
Lord Hanuman’s physique is golden colored. He wears a pretty dress and is wearing ear-rings that have matchless brilliance.His hair is wavy and beautiful.
Hath Bajra Aur Dhvaja Birajei,
Kandhe Moonj Janeu saajai.
Hanumanji is holding a lighting bolt in one hand and a banner in the other ; a sacred thread is dangling from his shoulder  
Shankar Suvana Kesari Nandan,
Tej Pratap Maha Jag Vandan.
Hanumanji is a form of Lord Shiva ; The world bows down in front of your tejas (brilliance/effulgence) and courage. Lord Hanuman’s biological father is Kesari – who was leader of the vanar sena. Vayu Bhagwan is Hanumanji’s spiritual father.
Vidyavaan Guni Ati Chatur,
Ram Kaj Karibe Ko Atur
Lord Hanuman- the intelligent being with a noble character and a sharp intellect is forever waiting to serve Lord Rama.
Prabhu Charittra Sunibe Ko Rasiya,
Ram Lakhan Sita man basiya.
You delight in listening to the glory of Lord Rama through details about Sri Ram’s life story and character sketch. You forever dwell in the hearts of Shri Ram-Sita and Shri  Lakshman.
Sukshma roop Dhari Siyahi Dikhawa,
Bikat roop Dhari Lank Jarawa
While appearing before Sita Maiiya you appeared in a diminutive form  but when you set Lanka on fire, you assumed a dreadful form.
Bhim roop Dhari Asur Sanhare,
Ramchandra Ke kaaj Savare.
Hanuman JI with Sanjeevani Buti : Laxman to ConciousnessAssuming a gigantic form, you decimated all the demons ! In doing so, you fulfilled the wish of Lord Sri ram.

Laye Sajivan Lakhan Jiyaye,
Shri Raghubir harashi ur laye.
O Hanuman ! When you revived Lakshman back to Life using the magical Sanjeevani herb by carrying the entire mountain , how Lord Ram embraced you with so much happiness !  
Raghupati Kinhi Bahut Badaai,
Tum Mama Priya Bharat Sam Bai.
So impressed was Lord Ram with you that he praised your virtues and added that you were as dear to him as his brother Bharath.
Sahasa Badan Tumharo Yash Gaavai,
Asa kahi Shripati Kanth Laagavai.
Embracing Hanumanji, Lord Sriram said – let Adisesha (the serpent with the thousand heads) sing your glory.
Sankadik Brahmadi Muneesa,
Narad Sarad Sahit Aheesa
Sages like Sanak , Devas like Lord Brahma, the great hermit Narad and Goddess Saraswati along with Sheshnag,  the cosmic serpent,  are not able to sing the glories of Hanumanji perfectly.
Yam Kuber Digpal Jahan Te,
Kabi Kobid Kahin Sakai  Kahan Te
Lord Yama, Kuber, poets and scholars – even they are unable to describe the glory of Hanumanji.
Tum Upkar Sugrivahi Keenha,
Ram Milai Rajpad Deenha
Hanumanji! You helped Sugriva in the nick of the time and gave back his kingdom by introducing him to Lord Ram .
Tumharo Mantro Vibhishan Maana,
Lankeshwar Bhaye Sab Jag Jaana.
It is known to all that Vibhishan followed your advice and became the King Of Lanka.
Yug Sahastra Yojan Par Bhaanu,
Leelyo Taahi Madhur Phal Jaanu
hanuman-chalisa-meaningYou gulped the SUN who was at a distance of sixteen thousand miles , THINKING it to be a sweet fruit.


Prabhu Mudrika Meli Mukha Maahee,
Jaladhi Landhi Gaye Acharaj Nahee.
Carrying the Lord’s ring in his mouth, you crossed the ocean. This is no surprise considering you are the mighty Hanuman !
Durgam Kaj Jagat Ke Jethe
Sugam Anugrah Tumhare TeTe.
Oh Hanumanji! Your grace will pave the way for successful completion of even the toughest tasks.
Ram Duware Tum Rakhavare,
Hot Na Aagya Bin Paisare.
Oh Hanumanji! You are the sentinel at the door of Ram’s divine abode. No one can enter his abode without your permission.
Sab Sukh Lahen Tumhari Sarna,
Tum Rakshak Kaahu Ko Darnaa.
Those who surrender to you benefit immensely ! Why fear when you are the protector ?
Aapan Tej Samharo Aapei,
Tenau Lok Hank Te Kanpei
All the three worlds tremble when you roar ; only you can control your might.
Bhoot Pisaach Nikat Nahi Avei,
Mahabir Jab Naam Sunavei.
RamBhakt Hanuman Ji Killing Evil Spirits, Demons, RakshasThe Ghosts, Demons & evil spirits dare not come near your  
devotees.


Nashai Rog Harai Sab Peera,
Japat Niranter Hanumat Beera
Disease and difficulties vanish when your name is chanted incessantly !
Sankat Se Hanuman Chhudavei,
Man Kram Bachan Dhyan Jo Lavei.
Those who remember Hanumanji in thought, word and deed are freed from their troubles.
Sab par Ram Tapasvee Raja
Tinke Kaaj Sakal Tum Saaja
Lord Ram blesses those who seek his grace and you are fulfilling the commands of Sri Ram sincerely.
Aur Manorath Jo Koi Lavai,
Tasu Amit Jivan Phal Pavai
Desires of devotees are fulfilled by you  and they benefit from the eternal grace of the Lord.  
Charo Yug Partap Tumhara,
Hai Parasiddha Jagat Ujiyara.
The name of Hanuman is known across the Universe ; Your glory is being sung in all the four yugs – namely Satya, Thretha, Dwabar, Kali.
Sadhu Sant Ke Tum Rakhvare,
Asur Nikandan Ram Dulare.
Oh Hanumanji! O, guardian angel of saints and sages and destroyer of all the Demons, you are the one whom Shri Ram is so fond of.
Ashta Siddhi Nawa Nidhi Ke Data,
Asa Bar Din Janki Mata.
Hanumanji – you have been  blessed with mother Janki  that you may bestow to those who pray to you, eight types of Sidhis and nine kinds of funds .
Ram Rasayan Tumhare Pasa,
Sadaa Raho Raghupati Ke Dasa.
Forever a servant of Lord Sri Ram, the essence of devotion to Lord Ram lies within you.
Tumhare Bhajan Ramko Paavai
Janam Janam Ke Dukh Bisravei.
The sufferings of several past births are wiped out by praying to you, Lord Hanuman. A hymn sung in your praise pleases Lord Rama.
Anta Kaal Raghupati Pur Jai,
Jahan Janmi  Hari Bhakta Kahai.
 
After death he enters the eternal abode of Sri Ram and remains his devotee Whenever he  takes birth on earth.
Aur Devata Chitt Na Dharai,
Hanumant Sei Sarva Sukh Karai
Praying to Hanumanji alone will give all happiness.
Sankat Hare Mitey Sab Peera,
Jo Sumirei Hanumant Balbeera
You end the sufferings, sorrows and remove all the pain from those who remember you.
Jai Jai Jai Hanuman Gosai
Kripa Karahu Gurudev Ki Naiee
Hail-Hail-Hail-Lord Hanumanji! I beseech you to bless me in the capacity of my supreme ‘GURU’ (teacher).
Jo Sat Baar Paath Kar Joi,
Chhutahi Bandi Maha Sukh Hoi.
Anyone who recites this Hanuman Chalisa one hundred times daily is free from the bondage of life and death and enjoys the highest  bliss at last.
Jo Yah Padhe Hanuman Chalisa,
Hoy Siddhi Sakhi Gaurisa
Those who recite the Hanuman Chalisa, will be showered with grace by Lord Shiva.
Tulsidas Sada Hari Chera,
Keeje Nath Hriday Mah Dera
Tulsidas , always the servant of Lord prays. “Oh my Lord! May you reside in my heart forever !
Doha
Pavanathanai Sankatharan, mangala murthi roop
Ram Lakhan Seeta Sahith, Hriday basahu Surbhoop.
Lord Hanuman – the son of Vayu, the one who removes all obstacles and the one who has an auspicious form – Let Lord Hanuman reside in my heart along with Sri Ram, Lakshman and Sita
Any one who wants to experience the power of Hanuman Chalisa can feel it by taking bath, keeping oneself clean and then reciting Hanuman Chalisa as a whole.
-modified from haribhakta

Big Bang Theory-Flawed

Shiva-Lingam-UniversecreationBig Bang Theory Is As Flawed as Modern Cosmologists and Darwin's followers of creation-
As per so called modern scientists, the Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the early development of the universe. The key idea is that the universe is expanding. Consequently, the universe was denser and hotter in the past. Moreover, the Big Bang model suggests that at some moment all of space was contained in a single point, which is considered the beginning of the universe. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago (billions of years taking cue from Srimad Bhagwad Gita – Before 19th century scientists used to rely on earth being thousands of years old, following biblical’s arc theory), which is thus considered the age of the universe based on citings from Vedas.
Thereafter scientists devised that after the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, including protons, neutrons, and electrons. Though simple atomic nuclei formed within the first three minutes after the Big Bang, thousands of years passed before the first electrically neutral atoms formed. The majority of atoms produced by the Big Bang were hydrogen, along with helium and traces of lithium. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies, and the heavier elements were synthesized either within stars or during supernova.


We Are Taught Wrong Theories on Creation of Universe

Big Bang Theory is False and Full of Flaws
The Somehow Theory of Modern Science extended even to cosmology which Scientists should be ashamed of before claiming to be experts of Science and Cosmology
The recent scientific theory of creation is that there was a big bang, which created the material elements (earth, water, gases, chemicals etc..). These material elements then somehow combined together and created the various planets somehow and one species of living beings somehow. These living beings then somehow changed their bodies and became another species, and so on. In this way the millions of species of living beings we know of were created – SOMEHOW ?!. These unproven theories are backed by another theory termed as evolution, thus one body changes into another and so on.

The scientific theory of creation leaves many unanswered questions.

  • What or who caused the big bang?
  • How earth, water, gases, chemicals were created, when there was nothing to create them?
  • If a big bang created all the Universes and millions of Planets. Then according to this scientific logic, it should be possible to create a small planet or something with a small bang. Can any scientist create anything with a bang?
  • Some chemicals mixed together created the first living being. The scientists have all the chemicals in the world; can they mix them and create a living being?
  • What gave life to those living beings, how they came to know their natural simulation?
  • All the millions of planets are shaped like a sphere, is this by chance?
  • The sun has been giving exact amount of sunlight to the various planets including Earth for millions of years. Is this by chance? Too much sun or too little can destroy all life on Earth. Even +/-10 percent rise/drop of sudden change in temperature cause huge climatic change in Earth. How is this managed so precisely by whom?
  • If Evolution theory is correct – then why not even single intermediate staged fossil of at least one of the species were found by these Scientists or Physicists – that could have shown that evolution lead to species changing shapes.
It is already shown in previous posts that Evolution is/was a convenient way for the Scientists to shy away from logical explanation of emergence of such vast variety of animals, plants and aquatic lives.

Click on the Big Bang image below for enlarged view

srimadbhagvatam-creation

Top Big Bang rebuttals highlighted by Michael Turner

(1) Static universe models fit observational data better than expanding universe models.
Static universe models match most observations with no adjustable parameters. The Big Bang can match each of the critical observations, but only with adjustable parameters, one of which (the cosmic deceleration parameter) requires mutually exclusive values to match different tests. Without ad hoc theorizing, this point alone falsifies the Big Bang. Even if the discrepancy could be explained, Occam’s razor favors the model with fewer adjustable parameters – the static universe model.
(2) The microwave “background” makes more sense as the limiting temperature of space heated by starlight than as the remnant of a fireball.
The expression “the temperature of space” is the title of chapter 13 of Sir Arthur Eddington’s famous 1926 work, Eddington calculated the minimum temperature any body in space would cool to, given that it is immersed in the radiation of distant starlight. With no adjustable parameters, he obtained 3°K (later refined to 2.8°K ), essentially the same as the observed, so-called “background”, temperature. A similar calculation, although with less certain accuracy, applies to the limiting temperature of intergalactic space because of the radiation of galaxy light.  So the intergalactic matter is like a “fog”, and would therefore provide a simpler explanation for the microwave radiation, including its blackbody-shaped spectrum.
Such a fog also explains the otherwise troublesome ratio of infrared to radio intensities of radio galaxies. The amount of radiation emitted by distant galaxies falls with increasing wavelengths, as expected if the longer wavelengths are scattered by the intergalactic medium. For example, the brightness ratio of radio galaxies at infrared and radio wavelengths changes with distance in a way which implies absorption. Basically, this means that the longer wavelengths are more easily absorbed by material between the galaxies. But then the microwave radiation (between the two wavelengths) should be absorbed by that medium too, and has no chance to reach us from such great distances, or to remain perfectly uniform while doing so. It must instead result from the radiation of microwaves from the intergalactic medium. This argument alone implies that the microwaves could not be coming directly to us from a distance beyond all the galaxies, and therefore that the Big Bang theory cannot be correct.
None of the predictions of the background temperature based on the Big Bang were close enough to qualify as successes, the worst being Gamow’s upward-revised estimate of 50°K made in 1961, just two years before the actual discovery. Clearly, without a realistic quantitative prediction, the Big Bang’s hypothetical “fireball” becomes indistinguishable from the natural minimum temperature of all cold matter in space. But none of the predictions, which ranged between 5°K and 50°K, matched observations. And the Big Bang offers no explanation for the kind of intensity variations with wavelength seen in radio galaxies.
(3) Element abundance predictions using the Big Bang require too many adjustable parameters to make them work.
The universal abundances of most elements were predicted correctly by Hoyle in the context of the original Steady State cosmological model. This worked for all elements heavier than lithium. The Big Bang co-opted those results and concentrated on predicting the abundances of the light elements. Each such prediction requires at least one adjustable parameter unique to that element prediction. Often, it’s a question of figuring out why the element was either created or destroyed or both to some degree following the Big Bang. When you take away these degrees of freedom, no genuine prediction remains. The best the Big Bang can claim is consistency with observations using the various ad hoc models to explain the data for each light element. Examples: for helium-3; for lithium-7; for deuterium; for beryllium; and for overviews.
(4) The universe has too much large scale structure (interspersed “walls” and voids) to form in a time as short as 10-20 billion years.
The average speed of galaxies through space is a well-measured quantity. At those speeds, galaxies would require roughly the age of the universe to assemble into the largest structures (superclusters and walls) we see in space, and to clear all the voids between galaxy walls. But this assumes that the initial directions of motion are special, e.g., directed away from the centers of voids. To get around this problem, one must propose that galaxy speeds were initially much higher and have slowed due to some sort of “viscosity” of space. To form these structures by building up the needed motions through gravitational acceleration alone would take in excess of 100 billion years.
(5) The average luminosity of quasars must decrease with time in just the right way so that their average apparent brightness is the same at all redshifts, which is exceedingly unlikely.
According to the Big Bang theory, a quasar at a redshift of 1 is roughly ten times as far away as one at a redshift of 0.1. (The redshift-distance relation is not quite linear, but this is a fair approximation.) If the two quasars were intrinsically similar, the high redshift one would be about 100 times fainter because of the inverse square law. But it is, on average, of comparable apparent brightness. This must be explained as quasars “evolving” their intrinsic properties so that they get smaller and fainter as the universe evolves. That way, the quasar at redshift 1 can be intrinsically 100 times brighter than the one at 0.1, explaining why they appear (on average) to be comparably bright. It isn’t as if the Big Bang has a reason why quasars should evolve in just this magical way. But that is required to explain the observations using the Big Bang interpretation of the redshift of quasars as a measure of cosmological distance.
By contrast, the relation between apparent magnitude and distance for quasars is a simple, inverse-square law in alternative cosmologies. Arp shows great quantities of evidence that large quasar redshifts are a combination of a cosmological factor and an intrinsic factor, with the latter dominant in most cases. Most large quasar redshifts (e.g., z > 1) therefore have little correlation with distance. A grouping of 11 quasars close to NGC 1068, having nominal ejection patterns correlated with galaxy rotation, provides further strong evidence that quasar redshifts are intrinsic.
(6) The ages of globular clusters appear older than the universe.
Even though the data have been stretched in the direction toward resolving this since the “top ten” list first appeared, the error bars on the Hubble age of the universe (12±2 Gyr) still do not quite overlap the error bars on the oldest globular clusters (16±2 Gyr). Astronomers have studied this for the past decade, but resist the “observational error” explanation because that would almost certainly push the Hubble age older (as Sandage has been arguing for years), which creates several new problems for the Big Bang. In other words, the cure is worse than the illness for the theory. In fact, a new, relatively bias-free observational technique has gone the opposite way, lowering the Hubble age estimate to 10 Gyr, making the discrepancy worse again.
(7) The local streaming motions of galaxies are too high for a finite universe that is supposed to be everywhere uniform.
In the early 1990s, we learned that the average redshift for galaxies of a given brightness differs on opposite sides of the sky. The Big Bang interprets this as the existence of a puzzling group flow of galaxies relative to the microwave radiation on scales of at least 130 Mpc. Earlier, the existence of this flow led to the hypothesis of a “Great Attractor” pulling all these galaxies in its direction. But in newer studies, no backside infall was found on the other side of the hypothetical feature. Instead, there is streaming on both sides of us out to 60-70 Mpc in a consistent direction relative to the microwave “background”. The only Big Bang alternative to the apparent result of large-scale streaming of galaxies is that the microwave radiation is in motion relative to us. Either way, this result is trouble for the Big Bang.
(8) Invisible dark matter of an unknown but non-baryonic nature must be the dominant ingredient of the entire universe.
The Big Bang requires sprinkling galaxies, clusters, superclusters, and the universe with ever-increasing amounts of this invisible, not-yet-detected “dark matter” to keep the theory viable. Overall, over 90% of the universe must be made of something we have never detected. By contrast, Milgrom’s model (the alternative to “dark matter”) provides a one-parameter explanation that works at all scales and requires no “dark matter” to exist at any scale. (I exclude the additional 50%-100% of invisible ordinary matter inferred to exist by, e.g., MACHO studies.) Some physicists don’t like modifying the law of gravity in this way, but a finite range for natural forces is a logical necessity (not just theory) spoken of since the 17th century.
Milgrom’s model requires nothing more than that. Milgrom’s is an operational model rather than one based on fundamentals. But it is consistent with more complete models invoking a finite range for gravity. So Milgrom’s model provides a basis to eliminate the need for “dark matter” in the universe at any scale. This represents one more Big Bang “fudge factor” no longer needed.
(9) The most distant galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field show insufficient evidence of evolution, with some of them having higher redshifts (z = 6-7) than the highest-redshift quasars.
The Big Bang requires that stars, quasars and galaxies in the early universe be “primitive”, meaning mostly metal-free, because it requires many generations of supernovae to build up metal content in stars. But the latest evidence suggests lots of metal in the “earliest” quasars and galaxies. Moreover, we now have evidence for numerous ordinary galaxies in what the Big Bang expected to be the “dark age” of evolution of the universe, when the light of the few primitive galaxies in existence would be blocked from view by hydrogen clouds.
(10) If the open universe we see today is extrapolated back near the beginning, the ratio of the actual density of matter in the universe to the critical density must differ from unity by just a part in 1059. Any larger deviation would result in a universe already collapsed on itself or already dissipated.
Inflation failed to achieve its goal when many observations went against it. To maintain consistency and salvage inflation, the Big Bang has now introduced two new adjustable parameters: (1) the cosmological constant, which has a major fine-tuning problem of its own because theory suggests it ought to be of order 10120, and observations suggest a value less than 1; and (2) “quintessence” or “dark energy”. This latter theoretical substance solves the fine-tuning problem by introducing invisible, undetectable energy sprinkled at will as needed throughout the universe to keep consistency between theory and observations. It can therefore be accurately described as “the ultimate fudge factor”.
Anyone doubting the Big Bang in its present form (which includes most astronomy-interested people outside the field of astronomy, according to one recent survey) would have good cause for that opinion and could easily defend such a position. This is a fundamentally different matter than proving the Big Bang did not happen, which would be proving a negative – something that is normally impossible. (E.g., we cannot prove that Santa Claus does not exist.) The Big Bang, much like the Santa Claus hypothesis, no longer makes testable predictions wherein proponents agree that a failure would falsify the hypothesis. Instead, the theory is continually amended to account for all new, unexpected discoveries. Indeed, many young scientists now think of this as a normal process in science! They forget or were never taught that a model has value only when it can predict new things that differentiate the model from chance and from other models before the new things are discovered. Explanations of new things are supposed to flow from the basic theory itself with at most an adjustable parameter or two, and not from add-on bits of new theory.

The entire rebuttal section of Mr Turner is filled with contradictions

If you suggest controlling the parameters of Universe and then further adjusting it even by other means of formation of new and old galaxies – then one basic principle of driving force he is missing…who is controller and who is adjuster ? How can it be logical to suggest theories for infinite occurrences with finite mediums and sources ? When there are billions of creations/annihilations of stars, galaxies, universes happening at a time then how can one-logic-fits-for-all work here – when there are endless different and unique compositions of elements, chemicals resulting in each of the phenomena?
The further rebuttals on logics explained by Mr Turner are basics of Science, some of them, we see everyday in our lives and experiments.
Srimad Bhagvatam is one of the greatest Puran which cover creation of Universes, planets, living beings and dwell into even their destructions.
There are billions of Universes, galaxies with trillions of planets – each occurring under unique set of circumstances. A common man with limited set of materialistic features can only subscribe to theories of dark energy and evolution – as it is impossible to reveal such distant secrets of cosmos with limited mental ability, devoid of consciousness.

Now when the above material science fails, Science of Consciousness takes over.

Lord Krishn in Srimad Bhagvatam clearly states that the knowledge which is relevant to earthly people will be revealed to them – so that they move to higher planets with their good Karmas. On the same lines, the Supreme Godhead suggest not to use your mind while researching for things which are beyond human beings. Submit your mind to Lord Krishn and then began your expedition.
While Vishnu is asleep, a lotus sprouts of his navel (note that navel is the root of creation!). Inside this lotus, Brahma resides. Brahma represents the universe which we all live in, and it is this Brahma who creates life forms.

Click on the Navel of Vishnu (Big Bang) image below for enlarged view

srimadbhagvatam-universe-creation
Brahma being controller, represents our universe which has birth and death, (a big bang and) a big crunch from a navel singularity. Vishnu being protector, represents the eternity that lies beyond our universe which has no birth or death and that which is eternal! Many such universes like ours exist in Vishnu.
Vedas say that thousands of brahmas have passed away!  In other words, this is not the first time universe has been created.
This cosmic creation is 155 trillion years old – 1000’s of Brahmas means – 1000’s X 2 X 155 trillion years of creations have passed
“The Hindu dharm (Sanatan dharm) is the only faith in the world dedicated to the idea that the Cosmos itself undergoes an immense, indeed an infinite, number of deaths and rebirths. It is the only dharm in which the time scales goes beyond those of modern scientific cosmology. Its cycles run from our ordinary day and night to a day and night of Brahma, 8.64 billion years long. Longer than the age of the Earth or the Sun and about half the time since the Big Bang or creation. And there are much longer time scales still.” A Modern Physicist
But still to revoke some of the basic apprehensions, Lord Krishn gave great insights through Sukhdev Ji in Srimad Bhagvatam.
  • The total lifespan of the Universe is 311 trillion and 40 Billion years. This Universe is 155.522 trillion years old and it will end in 155.518 trillion years time. This calculation is based on the life of Brahma.
  • There are millions of Universes with millions of Planets, with living beings. This Planet Earth is simply a drop in the ocean of Planets.
  • All Universes have life, are closed, of different size and properties.
  • The whole material creation with Millions of Universes constitutes just a quarter of creation. The other three quarters of creation is Spiritual, called Vaikuntha.
  • During the lifetime of each Universe, there are partial creations and annihilations. At the beginning of each day of Brahma there is creation and at the end of each day there is partial annihilation. One day of Brahma is 4.32 Billion years; the night is also of the same duration. We are currently half way through the current day of Brahma, thus we have existed for approximately 2.16 Billions years in the current small cycle.
There are 8.4 million species of living beings in the whole of creation.
    900,000 species of aquatic
    2,000,000 species of plants
    1,100,000 species of insects
    1,000,000 species of birds
    3,000,000 species of beasts
    400,000 species of human beings
Not all these species are present on this planet. There are 4 ages or Yugas in which we keep circulating one after another.
srimadbhagvatam brahma creation
Satya Yuga: The age of the truth and true religion. Everyone in the world is truthful and follower of the only religion in the world, the Vedic religion. The yuga (age) lasts 1.728 million years and the lifespan of humans is up to 100,000 years.
Treta Yuga: The introduction of ignorance takes place in this age. The Vedic religion is the only one in the world. The yuga (age) lasts 1.296 million years and the lifespan of humans is up to 10,000 years.
Dvapara Yuga: Increased decline in the truth and religious values takes effect in this age. The Vedic religion is the only one in the world. The yuga lasts 864,000 years and the lifespan of humans is 1,000 years.
Kali Yuga: The age of irreligion and ignorance. Lifespan of 100 years, later at the end of Kaliyuga only 12 years. There is complete decline in religious principles. In the first few thousand years there are many religions, which will gradually completely disappear from the face of the Earth one by one. Only the Vedic religion will survive, but there will be very few followers. By 15,000 years into Kali Yuga, 99.9% of the humans in the world will become atheistic. Things will get so bad in Kali Yuga such that parents will eat their own children. There would be no family tradition – the piouness among parents to children would diminish and they would soon behave like animals. Corruption, loot, deceit, hatred, animosity would be some of the traits of respectable human beings. We are currently 5000 years into Kali Yuga.
The knowledge of Science of Consciousness from Lord Krishn has 1000’s of factual evidences found today in the museums world over in the form of bones, skulls, artifacts, tools used by humans spanning into millions of years, further proving that civilized humans did existed for millions of years.
upnishads creationTill 18th century no Scientist talked with conviction about World being round, billions of years old – leave alone talking about Universes, they didn’t had completely translated Vedas at that time to suggest existence of Universes with scientific proofs.
But later after lifting Vedic theories and Srimad Bhagvatam concepts they changed their stance. So indeed, Human race being millions or even billions of years old as informed to all of us in Srimad Bhagvatam, is true.

What Does the Vedic Scriptures State about the Age of this Universe and Humans.

This Universe has existed for 155.522 trillion years and this is just in the current cycle of creation and annihilation. Before this cycle there were countless other cycles and after this cycle which will end in 155.518 trillion years time. There will be countless other cycles. The cycle of creation and annihilation is based on the life of Brahma, the engineer of the Universe. At the beginning of each day of Brahma, he creates everything in this Universe and then at the end of each day, there is partial annihilation Each day (12 hours) of Brahma is 4.32 billion years. Brahma lives for 311 trillion and 40 billion years, after this time there is complete annihilation of this Universe and the current Brahma dies. Then there is another Brahma and cycle repeats itself. This Universe is the smallest in Gods creation. There are other Universes, which are thousands and even millions of times bigger than this Universe.
Within each day of Brahma, there are 14 Manus. We descend from the 7th Manu. Manu is the first man created by Brahma, and his wife, the first woman is called Satarupa.
There is a vast difference between the teachings of the Vedic scriptures and non-Vedic scriptures. The Vedic scriptures are eternal and the Vedic knowledge comes from God himself. The fact that the Vedic scriptures are the oldest on the Planet proves that it’s the absolute truth. And time and again theories of modern scientists fall flat in front of great teachings of Vedas and Lord Krishn.

source-haribhakta.com


सृष्टि-उत्पत्ति सूक्त (नासदीय सूक्त, ऋग्वेद): ऋषि प्रजापति परमेष्ठी (Rishi Prajapati Parmeshthi)-Universe creation

Manifestation and Creation of Universes, Galaxies and Planetsसृष्टि-उत्पत्ति सूक्त (नासदीय सूक्त, ऋग्वेद): ऋषि प्रजापति परमेष्ठी (Rishi Prajapati Parmeshthi)

नासदासीन्नो सदासात्तदानीं नासीद्रजो नोव्योमा परोयत्।
किमावरीवः कुहकस्य शर्मन्नंभः किमासीद् गहनंगभीरम् ॥१॥
अन्वय- तदानीम् असत् न आसीत् सत् नो आसीत्; रजः न आसीत्; व्योम नोयत् परः अवरीवः, कुह कस्य शर्मन् गहनं गभीरम्।
अर्थ- उस समय अर्थात् सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति से पहले प्रलय दशा में असत् अर्थात् अभावात्मक तत्त्व नहीं था। सत्= भाव तत्त्व भी नहीं था, रजः=स्वर्गलोक मृत्युलोक और पाताल लोक नहीं थे, अन्तरिक्ष नहीं था और उससे परे जो कुछ है वह भी नहीं था, वह आवरण करने वाला तत्त्व कहाँ था और किसके संरक्षण में था। उस समय गहन= कठिनाई से प्रवेश करने योग्य गहरा क्या था, अर्थात् वे सब नहीं थे।
Then even nothingness was not, nor existence,
There was no air then, nor the earth, heavens beyond it.
There was no space, then who was protecting the space,
What covered it? Where was it? In whose keeping
Was there then cosmic water, in depths unfathomed?
Means there was nothing.
न मृत्युरासीदमृतं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत्प्रकेतः।
अनीद वातं स्वधया तदेकं तस्मादधान्यन्न पर किं च नास ॥२॥
अन्वय-तर्हि मृत्युः नासीत् न अमृतम्, रात्र्याः अह्नः प्रकेतः नासीत् तत् अनीत अवातम, स्वधया एकम् ह तस्मात् अन्यत् किञ्चन न आस न परः।
अर्थ – उस प्रलय कालिक समय में मृत्यु नहीं थी और अमृत = मृत्यु का अभाव भी नहीं था। रात्री और दिन का ज्ञान भी नहीं था उस समय वह ब्रह्म तत्व ही केवल प्राण युक्त, क्रिया से शून्य और माया के साथ जुड़ा हुआ एक रूप में विद्यमान था, उस माया सहित ब्रह्म से कुछ भी नहीं था और उस से परे भी कुछ नहीं था।
Then in boisterous, there was neither death nor immortality
nor was there then the appearance of night and day.
The One (Brahma) breathed actionlessly in illusion (maya) and self-sustaining.
There was that One (Brahma) with maya then, and there was nothing beyond them.
तम आसीत्तमसा गूढमग्रेऽप्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वमा इदं।
तुच्छ्येनाभ्वपिहितं यदासीत्तपसस्तन्महिना जायतैकं॥३॥
अन्वय -अग्रे तमसा गूढम् तमः आसीत्, अप्रकेतम् इदम् सर्वम् सलिलम्, आःयत्आभु तुच्छेन अपिहितम आसीत् तत् एकम् तपस महिना अजायत।
अर्थ – सृष्टिके उत्पन्न होने से पहले अर्थात् प्रलय अवस्था में यह जगत् अन्धकार से आच्छादित था और यह जगत् तमस रूप मूल कारण में विद्यमान था, आज्ञायमान यह सम्पूर्ण जगत् सलिल=जल रूप में था।
अर्थात् उस समय कार्य और कारण दोंनों मिले हुए थे यह जगत् है वह व्यापक एवं निम्न स्तरीय अभाव रूप अज्ञान से आच्छादित था इसीलिए कारण के साथ कार्य एकरूप होकर यह जगत् ईश्वर के संकल्प और तप की महिमा से उत्पन्न हुआ।
In Catastrophe, at first there was only darkness wrapped in darkness,
All this was only unillumined water.
Action and Cause were merged filled with ignorance,
That One (Brahma) took action complementing with cause,
resolving to penance created the Universe.
Vedic Symbols and Shapes of Existent Energies with Protectors of Those Energies
Vedic Symbols and Shapes of Energies and Protectors of those Energies

कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः प्रथमं यदासीत्।
सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन्हृदि प्रतीष्या कवयो मनीषा ॥४॥
अन्वय-अग्रे तत् कामः समवर्तत;यत्मनसःअधिप्रथमं रेतःआसीत्, सतः बन्धुं कवयःमनीषाहृदि प्रतीष्या असति निरविन्दन
अर्थ – सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति होने के समय सब से पहले काम=अर्थात् सृष्टि रचना करने की इच्छा शक्ति उत्पन्न हुयी, जो परमेश्वर के मन मे सबसे पहला बीज रूप कारण हुआ; भौतिक रूप से विद्यमान जगत् के बन्धन-कामरूप कारण को क्रान्तदर्शी ऋषियो ने अपने ज्ञान द्वारा भाव से विलक्षण अभाव मे खोज डाला।
In the beginning will-power descended on Brahma –
that was the primal seed, born of the mind.
The sages of this material world, searched their hearts with wisdom,
to know that which is kin to that which is not.
तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिरेषामधः स्विदासी३दुपरि स्विदासी३त्।
रेतोधा आसन्महिमान आसन्त्स्वधा अवस्तात्प्रयतिः परस्तात् ॥५॥
अन्वय-एषाम् रश्मिःविततः तिरश्चीन अधःस्वित् आसीत्, उपरिस्वित् आसीत्रेतोधाः आसन् महिमानःआसन् स्वधाअवस्तात प्रयति पुरस्तात्।
अर्थ – पूर्वोक्त मन्त्रों में नासदासीत् कामस्तदग्रे मनसारेतः में अविद्या, काम-सङ्कल्प और सृष्टि बीज-कारण को सूर्य-किरणों के समान बहुत व्यापकता उनमें विद्यमान थी। यह सबसे पहले तिरछा था या मध्य में या अन्त में? क्या वह तत्त्व नीचे विद्यमान था या ऊपर विद्यमान था? वह सर्वत्र समान भाव से भाव उत्पन्न था इस प्रकार इस उत्पन्न जगत् में कुछ पदार्थ बीज रूप कर्म को धारण करने वाले जीव रूप में थे और कुछ तत्त्व आकाशादि महान रूप में प्रकृति रूप थे; स्वधा=भोग्य पदार्थ निम्नस्तर के होते हैं और भोक्ता पदार्थ उत्कृष्टता से परिपूर्ण होते हैं।
Like rays of Sun, strong resolution to and for creation imbibed. And they have stretched their cord across the void,
Was the existent skewed or in the middle, was above or below.
It was spread akin. On birth of the world, powers with seed, form and action made fertile mighty forces.
Others were great existing above in the sky. Spirituality excels materialism.
को आद्धा वेद क इह प्र वोचत्कुत आजाता कुत इयं विसृष्टिः।
अर्वाग्देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथा को वेद यत आबभूव ॥६॥
अन्वय-कः अद्धा वेद कः इह प्रवोचत् इयं विसृष्टिः कुतः कुतः आजाता, देवा अस्य विसर्जन अर्वाक् अथ कः वेद यतः आ बभूव।
अर्थ – कौन इस बात को वास्तविक रूप से जानता है और कौन इस लोक में सृष्टि के उत्पन्न होने के विवरण को बता सकता है कि यह विविध प्रकार की सृष्टि किस उपादान कारण से और किस निमित्त कारण से सब ओर से उत्पन्न हुयी। देवता भी इस विविध प्रकार की सृष्टि उत्पन्न होने से बाद के हैं अतः ये देवगण भी अपने से पहले की बात के विषय में नहीं बता सकते इसलिए कौन मनुष्य जानता है जिस कारण
यह सारा संसार उत्पन्न हुआ।
But, after all, who knows, and who can say in detail,
Who else can let us know, how and why the creation happened,
Whence it all came, and how creation happened?
the gods themselves are later than creation,
so who knows truly whence it has arisen?
[Rishi Prajapati Parmeshthi ask questions and intelligently convey us that we are in constraint condition, even demigods cannot reveal us the cause behind creation since they took birth after the creation, then we being humans due to our limitations have to believe in Bhagwan’s words as he revealed the truth to us. Srimad Bhagwatam gave us insight that Bhagwan Vishnu (Shree Krishna) gave gyan to Brahma to perform tap for the creation of Brahmand (Universe)]
इयं विसृष्टिर्यत आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न।
यो अस्याध्यक्षः परमे व्योमन्त्सो अङ्ग वेद यदि वा न वेद ॥७॥
अन्वय- इयं विसृष्टिः यतः आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न। अस्य यः अध्यक्ष परमे व्यामन् अंग सा वेद यदि न वेद।
अर्थ – यह विविध प्रकार की सृष्टि जिस प्रकार के उपादान और निमित्त कारण से उत्पन्न हुयी इस का मुख्य कारण है ईश्वर के द्वारा इसे धारण करना। इसके अतिरिक्त अन्य कोई धारण नहीं कर सकता। इस सृष्टि का जो स्वामी ईश्वर है, अपने प्रकाश या आनंद स्वरुप में प्रतिष्ठित है। हे प्रिय श्रोताओं ! वह आनंद स्वरुप परमात्मा ही इस विषय को जानता है उस के अतिरिक्त (इस सृष्टि उत्पत्ति तत्व को) कोई नहीं जानता है।
Bhagwan Created Various Creations, He Possessed them,
None other can possess them, The master of the Universe is Bhagwan who is in the form of light,
The Supreme Bhagwan Know the Creation – its unbeginning and endlessness,
No one else Knows it.

 

Ancient Indian's contribution in science-Reminder

Ancient India contributed to what science is today. After havoc created by occupying forces of Islamist, Greek, British, Europeans from beginning of this century, where islamist and Christians burned many scientific books, India did loose its edge in science. NOW time is changing for India to come and lead world again- 1. India invented the Number system. Pingalacharya invented ‘zero.’ in 200 BC.

2. Indians discovered the size, shape, rotation and gravity of earth about 1000 years before Kelvin,Galileo,Newton and 

Copper Nicus. Aryabhatta I was the first to explain spherical shape,size ,diameter,rotaion and correct speed of Earth in 499 

AD.

3. Newton’s law of Gravitational force is an ancient Indian discovery. In Siddhanta Siromani ( Bhuvanakosam 6 ) 

Bhaskaracharya II described about gravity of earth about 400 years before Sir Isaac Newton.

4. Bhaskaracharya II discovered Differential calculus.
***(http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Projects/Pearce/Chapters/Ch8_5.html)
***(http://veda.wikidot.com/bhaskaracharya)

5. Theory of Continued Fraction was discovered by Bhaskaracharya II.

6. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC.

7. Indians discovered Arithmetic and Geometric progression. Arithmetic progression is explained in Yajurveda.

8. Govindaswamin discovered Newton Gauss Interpolation formula about 1800 years before Newton.

9. Vateswaracharya discovered Newton Gauss Backward Interpolation formula about 1000 years before Newton.

10. Madhavacharya discovered Taylor series of Sine and Cosine function about 250 years before Taylor.

11. Madhavacharya discovered Newton Power series.

12. Madhavacharya discovered Gregory Leibnitz series for the Inverse Tangent about 280 years before Gregory.

13. Madhavacharya discovered Leibnitz power series for pi about 300 years before Leibnitz.

14. Parameswaracharya discovered Lhuiler’s formula about 400 years before Lhuiler.

15. Nilakanta discovered Newton’s Infinite Geometric Progression convergent series.
***(http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=fec_1319064671&comments=1)

16. Theorems relating the diameter,volume and circumference of circles discovered by Madhavacharya, Puthumana 

Somayaji, Aryabhatta, Bhaskaracharya…….

17. The value of pi was first calculated by Aryabhatta I in 499 AD,ie more than 1350 years before Lindemann

18. Boudhayana discovered Pythagorus Theorem in 800BC. ie 300 years before Pythagorus.

19. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11th Century.

20. While the Greeks were using only upto a maximum value 1000, Indians could go upto 18th power of 10 level during 

Vedic period.

21. Infinity was well known for ancient Indians. BhaskaracharyaII in Beejaganitha (stanza-20) has given clear explanation 

with examples for infinity

22. Positive and Negative numbers and their calculations were explained first by Brahmagupta in his book Brahmasputa 

Siddhanta.
***(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%81hmasphu%E1%B9%ADasiddh%C4%81nta)

23. Sterling formula was discovered by Brahmagupta about 1000 years before Sterling.
***(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmagupta)
***(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmagupta's_interpolation_formula)

24. Demovier’s theorem of positive integral was discovered by Brahmagupta in 628 A.D, i.e around 1000 years before 

Demovier.

25. Puthumana Somayaji discovered Demovier’s infinite series in 1140 AD,i.e more than 200 years before Demovier.
***(http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=fec_1319064671)

26. Maharshi Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like 

cesareans, cataract, fractures and urinary stones. Usage of anesthesia was well known in ancient India. He was the first 

person to perform plastic surgery.

27. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan 

culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization).

28. The world’s first University was established in Takshila in 700BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world 

studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century BC was one of the greatest achievements 

of ancient India in the field of education.

29. According to the Forbes magazine, Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software.

30. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.

31. Although western media portray modern images of India as poverty stricken and underdeveloped through political 

corruption, India was once the richest empire on earth.

32. According to the Gemmological Institute of America, until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.

33. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless 

communication was Professor Jagdeesh Bose and not Marconi.

34. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.

35. Chess was invented in India.

36. The first philosopher who formulated ideas about the atom in a systematic manner was Kanada who lived in the 6th 

century B.C.

37. All the atomic reactors in the world are in Shiva Linga Shape which is an Indian contribution.

38. Padanjali maharshi discovered Sound waves.

39. Yoga is an ancient Indian gift to the world.

40. Shayanacharya discovered velocity of light.
***(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayana)
****(http://www.speakingtree.in/spiritual-blogs/seekers/science-of-spirituality/the-speed-of-light-by-acharya-sayana)

41. Maharshi Bharadwaja discovered different types of light rays.

42. Maharshi Bharadwaja was the first person to give definition about aeroplane. He explained about different types 

aeroplanes in his book “Vimana Thantra” about 2000 years before Right Brothers.

43. Maharshi Bharadwaja discovered spectrometer. In his “Yantra Sarvaswa” he explained about more than 100 instruments.

44. The different colours of light, VIBGYOR are mentioned in Rigveda which was written more than 6000 years ago.

45. Maharshi Charaka discovered Psychology and Quantum healing system.

46. Varahamihira discovered the concept of “Budding of plants”.

47. Varahamihira discovered Comets in 505 AD, i.e more than 1100 years before Haley.
****(http://books.google.co.in/books?id=y_c7atbRFDQC&pg=PA122&lpg=PA122&dq=Varahamihira+discovered

+Comets&source=bl&ots=PdSMenpOMH&sig=KuhDTfIcssMOCTqd4pFZqCuQL2o&hl=en&sa=X&ei=NoXuULTiLMbUkQXGo

YE4&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Varahamihira%20discovered%20Comets&f=false)

48. Gouthama Maharshi discovered the wave nature of sound about 1400 years before Hyghen.

49. Seven continents are mentioned in Padmapurana.

1. Bhaaskaraachaaryan - I (early 6th century AD) 

Formost among Ganithajnans (astrologer / mathematician) in the entire Bhaaratham (India), Bhaskaran-I, hailed from 

Kerala, according to experts. In 522 AD he wrote "Mahaa Bhaaskareeyam", also known as "Karma Nibandhham". A 

Vyaakhyaanam (explanations and discussions) on Aaryabhateeyam as well as a condensed version - "Laghu 

Bhaaskareeyam" - of Aaryabhateeyam, have also come down to us. 

(Bhaaskaraachaaryan-II who wrote "Leelaavathy" lived in the 11th century). 

2. Haridathan (650 - 750 AD) 

Though the Aarybhata system had been followed in calculating the planetary positions, Namboothiri scholars recognised 

variations between the computed and observed values of longitudes of the planets. A new system called "Parahitham" was 

proposed by Haridathan through his famous works "Graha-Chakra-Nibandhhana" and "Mahaa-Maarga-Nibandhhana". In 

683 AD, this system was accepted throughout Kerala on the occasion of the 12-yearly Mahaamaagha festival at 

Thirunavaya, and is recorded in many later works. Haridathan introduced many improvements over Aarybhata system, like 

using the more elegant Katapayaadi (Click here) system of notation in preference to the more complicated Aarybhataa's 

notation. 

Haridathan introduced the unique system of enunciating graded tables of the sines of arcs of anomaly (Manda-jya) and of 

conjugation (Seeghra-jya) at intervals of 3° 45' to facilitate the computation of the true positions of the planets. One of the 

corrections introduced by Haridathan to make the Aarybhata's results more accurate, is the "Sakaabda Samskaaram". 

3. Aadi Sankaran (788 - 820 AD) 

Sree Sankaran was born in Kalady in Central Kerala (nearly 50 km north east of Kochi) on the banks of river Periyar as the 

son of Kaippilly Sivaguru Namboothiri and Arya Antharjanam (Melpazhur Mana). Scientific concepts naturally evolved from 

this highly logical and rational intellect. It is believed that Sree Sankaran was the first mathematician to moot the concept of 

Number Line. [Ref: "Sankara Bhaashyam" (4-4-25) of the "Brihadaaranyaka Upanishad"]. It was Sree Sankaran who first 

expounded the idea of assigning a set of natural numbers to a straight line. As the number of elements in a set of natural 

numbers is infinite, it requires a symbol of infinity to represent them. A straight line can be considered to be infinitely long. 

Sankaran adopted a straight line as a symbol of infinity. A straight line can be divided to infinite number of parts and each of 

these parts can be assigned the value of a particular number. This is called number line. Though his concept lacks the 

perfection of modern number line theory, Sree Sankaran exhibited his intellectual ingenuity in conceiving such a novel idea. 

Yet another example for Sree Sankaran's unbiased and pure scientific pursuit of knowledge could be seen in the second 

"Slokam" of "Soundarya Lahari" [a collection of 100 Slokams in praise of Goddess Durga written by Sree Sankaran]. In the 

Slokam "Thaneeyaamsam paamsum thava charana pankeruhabhavam", we can see a hint to the theory of inter-

convertibility of mass and energy. Famous scientist Albert Einstein put forward this theory much later. Einstein said mass 

can be converted to energy and vice-versa according to the equation E = MC², where E = Energy released, M = Mass of the 

substance, and C = Velocity of light = 3 x 10¹º cm/sec. 

In another context, Sree Sankaran postulated that the diameter of Sun is 1 lakh "Yojanas". Later the modern scientific 

community calculated the diameter which agreed very closely with (just 3% error) the value provided by Sankaran. 

4. Sankaranarayanan (9th century) 

This scholar from "Kollapuri" (Kollam) in Kerala has written a commentary (Vyaakhhyaanam) of the "Laghu Bhaaskareeyam" 

of Bhaaskaraachaaryan-I, titled "Sankaranaaraayaneeyam". The Granthham is dated 869 AD (ME 44). 

5. Sreepathy (around 1039 AD) 

Sreepathy (Kaasyapa Gothram) has described methods for calculating the "Shadbalam" of the planets and stars. 

Prescribing of consequences should be based on these "Balams". His works include "Aarybhateeya Vyaakhhyaanams" 

such as "Ganitha Thilakam", "Jaathaka Karma Padhhathi" and "Jyothisha Rathna Maala". 

6. Thalakkulathu Bhattathiri (1237 - 1295 AD) 

This Govindan Bhattathiri is believed to have been born in ME 412 in Thalakkulam of Aalathur Graamam, about three 

kilometer south of Tirur. The Illam does not exist anymore. His mother was apparently from Paazhoor. He is said to have left 

Keralam (to Paradesam, possibly Tamil Nadu) and studied the "Ulgranthhams" in Jyothisham under a scholar by name 

Kaanchanoor Aazhvaar, returned and prayed for a dozen years to Vadakkunnathan at Thrissur. 

Bhattathiri's major work is the renowned Jyothisha Granthham "Dasaadhhyaayi". It is a majestic "Vyaakhyaanam" of the first 

ten chapters of the famous 26-chapter "Brihajjaathakam" in the field of Jyothissaasthram, written by Varaahamihiran of 

Avanthi, a sixth century scholar. Bhattathiri felt that the "Aachaaryan" had not covered anything significantly more in the rest 

of the chapters and therefore, left them altogether. There are also other works like "Muhoortha Rathnam" to his credit. 

7. Sooryadevan 

This Namboothiri (Somayaaji) scholar is better known as Sooryadeva Yajwaavu. "Jaathakaalankaaram" is Sooryadevan's 

Vyaakhyaanam for Sreepathy's (No. 5, above) "Jaathaka Karma Padhhathi". His other works include a "Laghu 

Vyaakhhyaanam" (simple explanation) of Aaryabhateeyam, called "Bhataprakaasam", as well as Vyaakhhyaanams for 

Varaahamihiran's "Brihadyaathra" and for Mujjaalakan's "Laghu Maanava Karanam". 

8. Irinjaatappilly Madhavan Namboodiri (1340 - 1425) 

Madhavan of Sangamagraamam, as he is known, holds a position of eminence among the astute astronomers of medieval 

Kerala. He hailed from Sangama Graamam, the modern Irinjalakuda, near the railway station. Madhavan was the treacher 

of Parameswaran, the promulgator of Drigganitha school of Astronomy, and is frequently quoted in the medieval 

astronomical literature of Kerala as Golavith (adept in spherics). 

He is the author of several important treatises on Mathematics and Astronomy. The "Venvaaroham" explaining the method 

for computation of the moon and the moon-sentences, "Aganitham", an extensive treatise on the computation of planets, 

"Golavaadam", "Sphhuta-Chandraapthi", "Madhyama Nayana Prakaaram" are some of his important works. 

Besides these works, a number of stray verses of Madhavan are quoted by later astronomers like Neelakandha Somayaaji, 

Narayanan the commentator of Leelaavathy, Sankaran the commentator of Thanthrasangraham, etc. One of his significant 

contributions is his enunciatiation of formulae for accurate determination of the circumference of a circle and the value of p 

by the method of indeterminate series, a method which was rediscovered in Europe nearly three centuries later by James 

Gregory (1638 - 75 AD), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 - 1716 AD) and Newton (1642, "Principia Mathematicia"). His five 

Paraspara-Nyaaya contains the enunciation for the first time in the world, of the formula for the sine of sum of two angles. 
sine (A + B) = sine A cos B + cos A sine B 
This is known as "Jeeve Paraspara Nyaaya". 

The ideas of Calculus and Trigonometry were developed by him in the middle of the 14th century itself, as can be verified 

by his extensive mathematical and astronomical treatises and quotations by later authors. 

Madhavan deserves, in all respects, to be called the Father of Calculus and Spherical Trigonometry. For a detailed 

appreciation of his contribution, refer to the excellent paper of R G Gupta,"Second Order of Interpolation of Indian 

Mathematics", Ind, J.of Hist. of Sc. 4 (1969) 92-94. 

Again Madhavan provides the power series expansions for sin x and cos x for an arc x correct to 1/3600 of a degree.

9. Vatasseri Parameswaran Namboodiri (1360 - 1455) 

Vatasseri was a great scientist who contributed much to Astronomy and Mathematics. He was from Vatasseri Mana on the 

north bank of river Nila (Bhaarathappuzha) near its mouth in a village called Aalathiyur (Aswathha Graamam). This is near 

the present Tirur of Malappuram district. He was a Rigvedi (Aaswalaayanan) of Bhrigu Gothram. 

"Drigganitham" was his greatest contribution. The seventh century "Parahitha Ganitham" for calculations and projections in 

Astronomy continued its popularity for a few centuries, with some later modifications made by Mujjaalakan, Sreepathy and 

others, for correcting the differences found with actual occurences. But it was Parameswaran who, as a result of over fifty 

years of systematic observations and research on movements of celestial bodies, estimated the error factor and established 

a new method called Drig Sidhham as explained in his popular Drigganitham (ME 606, 1430-31 AD). He suggested the use 

of "Parahitham" for "Paralokahitham" such as Thithhi, Nakshthram, Muhoortham, etc., and his own "Drigganitham" for 

"Ihalokahitham" like "Jaathakam", "Graha Moudhhyam", "Grahanam", etc. Unfortunately, Drigganitham Granthham has not 

been traced so far. 

Yet another of his contribution was a correction to the angle of precision of equinox mentioned by his disciple, Kelalloor 

Somayaaji (vide 15, below) in his "Jyothirmeemaamsa" (ch. 17). The 13 ½° suggested by Mujjaalakan was rectified by him 

to 15°. 

There are numerous works to his credit, apart from Drigganitham. The 3-volume, 302 verse "Gola Deepika" (1443 AD) 

explaining about the stars and earth in very simple terms, "Jaathaka Padhhathy" in 41 verses, "Soorya Sidhhantha 

Vivaranam", "Grahana Mandanam", "Grahanaashtakam", "Vyatheepaathaashtaka Vrththi" in 500 verses or Slokams. (The 

last three are believed by experts to be his works), "Aachaarya Samgraham", "Grahana Nyaaya Deepika", "Chandra-

Chhaayaa-Ganitham", "Vaakya Karmam" and "Vaakya Deepika" are his well-known works. 

He has written superb commentaries such as "Sidhhantha Deepika" on Govindaswamy's Mahaa Bhaaskareeyam; "Karma 

Deepika" or "Bhata Deepika" on Aarya Bhateeyam; "Muhoortha Rathna Vyaakhyaa" on Govindaswamy's Muhoortha 

Rathnam; Leelavathee Vyaakhyaa on the famous mathematical treatise, Leelavathy of Bhaaskaraachaarya-II; "Laghu 

Bhaaskareeya Vyaakhyaa" on Laghu Bhaaskareeyam of Bhaaskaraachaarya-I; "Jaathaka Karma Padhhathee Vyaakhyaa" 

on Sreepathy's 8-chapter work on Jyothisham; the one on "Laghu Maanasam" of Mujjaalakan; "Jaathakaadesa Vyaakhyaa"; 

and "Prasna-Nashta Panchaasikaavrthy" also called "Paarameswari" based on the work of Prathhuyasass, son of 

Varaahamihiran. 

Undoubtedly, there had not been many scholars of his calibre in the annals of history in the realm of Astronomy. 

10. Damodaran Namboodiri 

Damodaran Namboodiri is known for his work "Muhoorthaabharanam". It is believed that he had an ancestor by name 

Yajnan whose brother's son, Kesavan, was a great scholar, and that Damodaran was Kesavan's younger brother. His family 

is said to have belonged to a village near Thriprangod, but it is clear that it was in Taliparamba Graamam. Mazhamangalam 

(Mahishamangalam, vide 17, below) has recognised "Muhoorthaabharanam" as a reference work similar to "Muhoortha 

Rathnam" and other earlier works. 

11. Narayanan Namboodiri 

He has authored "Muhoortha Deepikam". He could be the same Narayanan, one of Vatasseri Parameswaran Namboodiri's 

teachers (Guru), as mentioned by Kelallur Chomaathiri (Neelakandha Somayaaji, 15, below). "Muhoortha Deepikam" is also 

recognised as an authoritative work, by Mazhamangalam (17, below). 


12. Puthumana Somayaaji (Chomaathiri) 

He belonged to Puthumana Illam (Sanskritised as Noothana Graamam) of Chovvaram (Sukapuram) Graamam. He is 

believed to have been a contemporary of Vatasseri Namboodiri, during the 15th century AD. 

His famous works are "Karana Padhhathi" which is a comprehensive treatise on Astronomy in ten chapters completed in the 

year ME 606 (1430-31 AD), the same year as Vatasseri Namboodiri's "Drigganitham"; "Nyaaya Rathnam", an 8-chapter 

Ganitha Granthham; "Jaathakaadesa Maargam"; "Smaartha-Praayaschitham"; "Venvaarohaashtakam"; "Panchabodham"; 

"Grahanaashtakam"; and "Grahana Ganitham". 

To his credit is also an important mathematical equation to calculate the tangent (tan) value of an angle

13. Chennas Narayanan Namboodiripad (mid 15th century) 

He was considered to be an authority in the fields of Vaasthusaastram (Indian Architecture), Mathematics and Tanthram. 

Born in 1428, Chennas Narayanan Namboodiripad authored a book titled "Thanthra Samuchayam" which is still considered 

as the authentic reference manual in the field of temple architecture and rituals. In this Granthham , while elaborating on 

various points of Indian architectural practices, he has dealt with many mathematical principles also. The following are 

noteworthy. 

a) A method of arriving at a circle starting with a square, and successively making it a regular octagon, a regular 16-sided, a 

32-sided, 64-sided polygons, etc. In this method some geometrical steps have been suggested. 
b) Co-ordinate system of fixing points in a plane. 
c) Converting a square to a regular hexagon having approximately equal area. 
d) Finding the width of a regular octagon, given the perimeter. 

14. Ravi Namboodiri 

He is one of the teachers of Kelallur Chomaathiri, and was a scholar in both Astronomy and Vedaantham. His treatise 

"Aachaara Deepika" is on Jyothisham. 

15. Kelallur Neelakandha Somayaaji (1465 - 1545) 

He is one of the foremost astronomers of Kerala and considered an equal to Vatasseri Parameswaran Namboodiri, and 

known popularly as Kelallur Chomaathiri. He was born to Jathavedan and Arya in Kelallur (or Kerala Nallur, Kerala-Sad-

Graamam in Sanskrit) Mana of Thrikkandiyur (Sree Kundapuram in Sanskrit), near Tirur, and belonged to Gaargya 

Gothram, Aaswalaayana Soothram of Rigvedam. Kelallur Mana later became extinct and their properties merged with 

Edamana Mana. They were staunch devotees at Thriprangot Siva temple. 

He is said to be a disciple of one Ravi who taught him Vedaantham and the basics of Astronomy and of Vatasseri 

Damodaran Namboodiri (son of the famous Parameswaran Namboodiri) who trained him in Astronomy and Mathematics. 

According to Ulloor, he lived during 1465 and 1545 (roughly), though according to another version, he was born on June 17, 

1444 on a Wednesday. 

His most important work is "Thanthra Samgraham" (a treatise on Mathematics and Astronomy) in eight chapters with 432 

verses, and apparently written in an unbelievable six days from Meenam 26 of 676 ME to Metam 1 the same year! The lucid 

manner in which difficult concepts are presented, the wealth of quotations, and the results of his personal investigations 

and comparative studies make this work a real masterpiece. Two commentaries on this work, "Yukthi Bhaasha" (in 

Malayalam) by Paarangot Jyeshthhadevan Namboodiri (No. 16 below) and "Yukthi Deepika" by Sankara Varier, themselves 

indicate the importance of the original work. 

Another of his important works is a "Bhaashyam" (commentary) on "Aaryabhateeyam". In his book "Jyorthir Meemaamsa", 

he demonstrates his intellectual and scientific thinking. Some of his other works are "Chandra Chhaayaa Ganitham" 

(calculations relating to moon's shadow), "Sidhhantha Darpanam" (mirror on the laws of Astronomy) and its Vyaakhyaa, 

"Golasaaram" (quintessence of spherical Astronomy), "Grahana Nirnayam", "Grahanaashtakam", "Graha Pareekshaa 

Kramam", and "Sundara Raaja Prasnotharam". He postulated that the ratio of circumference to diameter of a circle could 

never be a rational number. His commentary on Aaryabhateeyam shows that his scholastic abilities extend beyond 

Jyothisham and Vedaantham, to the realms of Meemaamsa, Vyaakaranam and Nyaayam. 

16. Paarangottu Jyeshthhadevan Namboodiri (1500 - 1610) 

He was born in Paaragottu Mana situated near Thrikkandiyur and Aalathur on the banks of river Nila. Vatasseri Damodaran 

Namboodiri was his teacher. He wrote a Malayalam commentary, "Yukthi Bhaasha" for "Thanthra Sangraham" of Kelallur 

Neelakandha Somayaaji. It forms an elaborate and systematic exposition of calculation methods in Mathematics in its first 

part and Astronomy in the second part. The treatment is in a rational and logical manner, and may turn out to be an asset to 

our scientific community, if properly translated and studied. He is also the author of "Drik Karanam", a comprehensive 

treatise in Malayalam on Astronomy, composed in 1603 AD. 

17. Mahishamangalam Narayanan Namboodiri (1540 - 1610) 

He was a member of Mahishamangalam (Mazhamangalam) Mana of Peruvanam in Thrissur district. His father Sankaran 

Namboothiri has written several Granthhams on Astronomy in Malayalam. Renouned scholar Sankara Varier has written a 

commentary "Kriyaakramakari" in Malayalam for the popular Mathematical manual "Leelavathy" (of Bhaskaraachaarya) but 

before commencing the 200th Slokam, he expired. It was Mahishamangalam Narayanan Namboodiri who, at the age of 18, 

took up the challenge of completing it. He was popularly known as "Ganitha Vith" [Maths wizard]. After successfully 

completing "Kriyaakramakari", Narayanan Namboodiri wrote his own commentary "Karmadeepika" for "Leelavathy". "Upa 

Raaga Kriyaa Kramam" was his original work in the related topic. He has authored many Granthhams on subjects other 

than Astronomy, including Smaartha Praayaschitha Vimarsanam, Vyavahaara Mala [ethical code of conduct], 

Mahishamangalam Bhaanam, Uthara Raamaayana Champu, Raasa Kreedaa Kaavyam, Raaja Ratnaavaleeyam [in praise of 

Kerala Varma, Prince of Kochi), Daarikavadham, and Paarvatheesthuthi. 

18. Mathur Nambudiripad 

The Granthham, "Muhoortha Padavi" (the second) is credited to Mathur Nambudiripad, whose name is not known. He has 

condensed the old "Muhoortha Padavi" into an amazingly short version with just 35 Slokams (verses). Since 

Mazhamangalam of mid-sixteenth century AD, in his "Baala Sankaram" has referred to Muhoortha Padavi, it is possible that 

Mathur Nambudiripad lived during the second half of the 15th century AD. Apart from Mazhamangalam's commentary on 

this Granthham, there are: a short one in Sanskrit, "Muhoortha Saranee Deepam" (author unknown); a detailed one in 

Sanskrit, "Varadeepika" by Purayannur Parameswaran Nambudiripad; and yet another one in Malayalam, "Muhoortha 

Bhaasha" by Aazhvaancheri Thampraakkal. 

19. Narayanan Namboodiri 

One Narayanan has written a commentary on Bhaaskaraachaaryan's Leelaavathy, which has been variously referred to as 

"Karmadeepika", "Karmadeepakam" and "Kriyaakramakari". The work is well-focussed and neither too elaborate nor too 

short. 

Another of his works is " Karmasaaram" which discusses "Grahasphhutaanayanam" and other aspects of the Drik tradition. 

It is in four chapters and may have been written during the second half of the 16th century AD. 

20. Chithrabhanu Namboodiri (16th century) 

Born in Chovvara (Sukapuram) Graamam, Chithrabhanu Namboodiri was a mathematician and has written a Granthham 

titled "Eka Vimsathi Prasnothari". It is said that Sankara Varier, another scholar (mentioned earlier) who wrote the 

commentary "Kriyaakramakari" was Chithrabhanu Namboodiri's disciple. Varier has, at several occasions, quoted his master. 

Chithrabhanu Nambudiri's "Eka Vimsathi Prasnothari" gives a method of solving the binomials (A + B), (A - B), (A² + B²), (A³ + B³), (A³ - B³), AB, etc. Given any two of these, the book gives twentyone different ways to solve for A and B. As he is believed to be the master of Sankara Varier, his period could be 16th century. 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_mathematics
 http://historum.com/asian-history/46685-what-ancients-did-us-ancient-inventions-discoveries.html


The achievements of such and other Kerala mathematicians were, at first, brought to the notice of scholars, both Indian and western, by Charles M Whilsh who presented a paper on the subject before the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 3 (1835) (509 - 523).